Reference Schema

The entities in the reference schema store reference data used by Contract Definition Language (CDL) and by analyses. Many of the tables include seeded data to which you can add your own. See for their descriptions. For the full specification of fields, data types, and values, see the Reference Schema and Reference Schema--RiskItem tabs of the RDOS schema specification RDOS_Schema.xlsx.

The entities are grouped as follows:

  • Address tables
  • Contract/Financial tables
  • Population tables
  • Portfolio and Structure tables
  • Results and Settings tables
  • Risk Item tables

Causes of Loss and Loss Types

Cause of Loss

Cause of loss is a collection of perils covered by a contract layer and specified in the Reference schema, ContractLayer.causeOfLossCode field. Peril models assess damage from natural catastrophe causes of loss (such as windstorm, earthquake, or flood) to real property. In the same way that some perils include sub-perils (or secondary perils), causes of loss can include subsidiary causes. For example, the earthquake cause of loss could include earthquake–fire following, earthquake–ground shaking, and earthquake–sprinkler leakage.

The Reference schema allows causes of loss to be grouped to form other causes of loss. The following Reference schema tables store information about causes of loss:

  • Reference schema, CauseOfLoss table—Defines cause of loss codes used by contracts.
  • Reference schema, CauseOfLossHierarchy table—Defines cause of loss groupings. For example, windstorm wind and windstorm storm surge can be combined into windstorm. Contract layers can cover windstorm or cover only windstorm wind or only windstorm storm surge.

The Reference schema defines codes for the causes of loss in Table 1. The cause of loss ALL acts as the parent cause of loss. Map any new cause of loss to a parent cause of loss.

Table 1: Causes of Loss

Cause of Loss Code

Description

Parent Code

ALL

All perils

 ALL

CS

Severe Convective Storm

 ALL

EQ

Earthquake

 ALL

FL

Flood

 ALL

FR

Fire

 ALL

TR

Terrorism

 ALL

WS

Windstorm/Hurricane

 ALL

WT

Winterstorm

 ALL

Loss Types

Loss types represent the kind of exposure that damage to a risk item can cause an exposed party. For example, the following CDL applies a policy coverage level deductible for loss type building:

Deductibles
 5k for Building

The following Reference schema tables store information about loss types:

  • Reference schema, LossType table—Defines loss type codes used by contracts.
  • Reference schema, LossTypeHierarchy table—Maps any new loss types to parent loss types. See Table 2.
Table 2: LossTypeHierarchy Table

Loss Type

Parent Loss Type

BI

Business interruption

Building

Property

Casualty

Loss

Contents

Property

CovA

Building

CovB

Building

CovC

Contents

CovD

BI

Property

Loss

Cause of Loss and Loss Type Hierarchies

Cause of Loss and Loss Type hierarchies are used when you define which term of a CDL contract to process first. For example, for the two terms below:

Deductibles
 5k for Building
 10k for Property

The deductible for Building would be processed first and send its output as input to the deductible for Property since Building is a child loss type of Property (see Table 2), and loss type is the only constraint on these terms.

Similarly, if the causeOfLossHierarchy defines CS, FL, FR, WS, WT as children of "Climate" which is a child of "ALL," then the terms below in a CDL contract:

Sublimits
 100k by WS
 100k by FL
 100k by EQ
 200k Aggregate by Climate

the sublimits by WS and FL are processed before (and send their output to) the sublimit by Climate. The sublimit by EQ does not affect any of the other sublimits.